Madhu babu --1

 madhubaaboo kee jeevanee yoota kee aadhee sadee ka itihaas hai. is itihaas mein, yoota ke saamaajik, raajaneetik, aarthik, audyogik, vaanijyik aur shaikshanik mudde sabhee antarnihit hain. apane jeevanakaal ke dauraan, madhusoodan ko uttar pradesh mein sabhee log madhubaaboo ya madhubarista ke naam se jaanate the. uttara maata kee sabase yogy santaan madhusoodan raashtr, raashtr kee unnati ke lie sadaiv chintit rahate the aur uttara kee karodon santaanon ne ek svar mein "maan maan" kah kar desh aur jaati kee sthaapana kee thee. odisha ke baahar desh mein odiya ka sammaan kaise hoga, yah unakee shaashvat drshti thee; yahaan tak ki apanee mrtyu shayya par bhee, udiya kee unnati hee unakee ekamaatr chinta thee.

katak jile ka saatavaamaapur gaanv madhubaaboo ke janmasthaan ke roop mein har udiya ke lie teerth sthaan hai. madhusoodan ka janm 28 aprail 1848 ee. ko hua tha, sabase bade krshn ka janm 11veen tithi ko hua tha. unake pita ka naam chaudharee raghunaath daas, maata ka naam shreematee paarvatee devee hai. pahale marahatta kaal se is desh ke saradaaron ko chaudharee, kaanoonago, saamantha aadi ke naam se jaana jaata tha. raghunaath ke do bete the. sabase bade putr madhubaaboo ka paitrk naam thoola-govinda ballabh tha aur sabase chhote putr ka naam gopaal ballabh tha. gopaal ballabhoo ke baare mein sankshep mein itana hee kahana paryaapt hoga ki unhonne kalakatta vishvavidyaalay se em.e. kee upaadhi praapt kee. utteern kar diptee majistret ke roop mein kaary kiya. bha bheema bhuiyaan naamak unaka upanyaas udiya saahity kee pramukh krtiyon mein se ek hai.

govindaballav ne bachapan mein chatasharee gaanv mein ek mittee parivaar ke paas rahakar padhaee kee. praacheen odisha mein, maatee parivaar ya kshiti parivaar ke sadasy paarivaarik parampara mein praathamik shiksha ke lie jimmedaar the. inhen vishesh roop se ojha kaha jaata hai. us samay, skets, pensil, kaagaj, pen, duet, lekhan desk, bench, desk ya blaikabord maujood nahin the. gaanv mein, sardiyon mein ek graameen skool kisee khet mein ya aam ya beech ke ped ke neeche sthaapit kiya jaata tha. ek bachcha sookhee chhadee se jameen par likhata tha aur taad ke patton aur lekhon par hastaakshar karata tha. sooryoday se lekar subah gyaarah baje tak vah kaksha mein baithate hain. logon ko subah jaldee bistar se uthane ke lie protsaahit karane ke lie, atashafee ko shoony dene kee achchhee aadat thee. jo vidyaarthee pratham aata hai usaka saavadhaanee se haath pakadakar ek baar bent se pitaee kee jaatee hai. is prakaar jo bachcha sabase aage aata hai use ek, do, teen, chaar, is kram mein jo bachcha sabase peechhe aata hai use sabase jyaada peeta jaata hai. at: prataap chhatashaaree aaye aur bachchon ke beech aatshaav ko pranaam karane kee hod shuroo kar dee. praatahkaal patr likhe jaate hain tatha paaniky, shee odank, phedank, bhaat, gunan, paahee paaniky, kadaganda paanikee leelaavatee sootr aadi ka paath kiya jaata hai. pahale ke samay mein hastarekha vigyaan mein patr likhe jaate the aur bhaagavat, raamaayan, mahaabhaarat, vedehishavilaan, gopee bhaalyasha aadi ka paath kiya jaata tha. shaam ko, jab sandhya deepak jalaaya jaata hai, to bachcha athav ke chaaron or ghoomakar diph jyotth parambrahama aadi bhajan kahata hai. phir chaanak‍ya shlok joda jaata hai, manasa poochha jaata hai.

shev katak aane ke samay govindaballab terah varsh ke the, jisaka paath is paaramparik tareeke se kiya gaya tha. unake daadaajee ne katak ke iraajee skool mein unakee shiksha par kadee aapatti jataee. unakee aashanka yah thee ki yadi unhonne angrejee padhee to kirstan ya eesaee ban jaayenge. us samay paadaree varg ke utpeedan ke kaaran kaee angrej eesaee ban gae; isalie budhiya ke dar se raajee skool ne katak mein ek uchch koti ka badala liya. upadesh sunane ke baad eesaee dharm svaabhaavik hai. govinda ne bindaballaav ke adheen adhyayan kiya; yah skool baad mein kolejiet skool ban gaya. skool mein padhaee ke dauraan pichhale chaar saal se vah sahapaathee tha. usake sir par ghane baalon ka guchchha tha. ek din, je ne ise kaat diya. vah bhee ajeeb tha, us samay ke kapade, jay kuruda, laal dhaage mein phisalakar miraaheee ban gae; batan phit nahin hua. kurte ko donon taraph doree ya dhaage se baandha jaata hai. us samay tak aam log jooton ka prayog nahin karate the. yahaan tak ki govindaaballab bhee apane joote nahin pahanana chaahate the. unhonne katak haee skool se pravesh (ab maitrikuleshan) pareeksha utteern kee. unhen baaleshvar mein ek maamoolee lipikeey naukaree par niyukt kiya gaya tha. govindabal bindaballav hamesha mahatvaakaankshee hote hain; is kiraaneegiree mein unaka anant gyaan poora nahin hua. baaleshvar mein rahate hue unhonne kuchh paise bachaaye aur uchch shiksha praapt karane ke lie kalakatta chale gaye.

us samay relave kee koee suvidha nahin thee. chaandabalee se log steemar ya steemabot se kalakatta jaate the. kee. vah kalakatta mein bangaalee hai! eesaee paadaree ambikaaprasaad ka parichay saad hajaara se hua. ambikaaprasaad ko govindaballab kee buddhimatta aur mahatvaakaanksha ke baare mein pata chala aur unhonne unakee uchch shiksha kee vyavastha kee. unhonne kalakatta mein angrejee saahity mein padhaee kee. em.e. utteern kiya. 1 ganit, bhoogol mein chhaatravrtti bhee praapt kee. kalakatta ke vibhinn skoolon mein padhaane ke baad, antatah unhen shreeraamapur kolej mein vyaakhyaata banane ke lie naamaankit kiya gaya. kolej ke prinsipal ne unhen bulaaya aur poochha - aap kaun sa vishay padha sakate hain? shreeraamapur kolej mein unhonne angrejee, ganit aur bhoogol ko bahut hee saral aur seedhe tareeke se padhaaya aur chhaatron ka sammaan aur bhakti ban gae. chhaatr samaaj mein shikshak ko usake gyaan, charitr aur chhaatron ke prati sahaanubhooti ke kaaran pooja jaata hai. govindaaballab mein ye gun ek saath pae jaate the. us samay unhonne kaanoon kee padhaee kee aur kalakatta vishvavidyaalay se bee.el. bhee paas kiya.

kalakatta mein padhaane ke dauraan, unhen prasiddh bhaarateey bahugy sar aashutosh mukhopaadhyaay ka shikshak niyukt kiya gaya. sar aashutosh ek din kalakatta uchch nyaayaalay ke mukhy nyaayaadheesh aur kalakatta vishvavidyaalay ke chaansalar (kulapati) ban gaye. kalakatta vishvavidyaalay ke kaaran sampoorn baanglaadesh, bihaar tatha udeesa mein uchch angrejee shiksha kee vyavastha karane mein jin logon ne saphalata dikhaee hai unamen sar aashutosh ka sthaan bahut ooncha hai. kalakatta mein rahane ke dauraan, govindaballav ko eesaee dharm kee deeksha dee gaee.

ambikaaprasaad aur unakee patnee kee mrtyu ke baad ve apane peechhe kaee bete aur betiyaan chhod gae. kalakatta mein apane pahale aashrayadaata ambikaaprasaad ke prati krtagyata vyakt karate hue, madhusoodan ne apane kariyar ke dauraan un beton aur betiyon ke paalan-poshan aur shiksha ka bhaar uthaaya. unamen se do ko uchch shiksha ke lie bilaat bheja gaya. shreematee rakabaala aur shreematee sudhaanshubaala unakee putri yaan theen.